Dyslexia

"Dyslexia is a brain-based type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person's ability to read. These individuals typically read at levels significantly lower than expected despite having normal intelligence. Although the disorder varies from person to person, common characteristics among people with dyslexia are difficulty with spelling, phonological processing (the manipulation of sounds), and/or rapid visual-verbal responding. In adults, dyslexia usually occurs after a brain injury or in the context of dementia. It can also be inherited in some families, and recent studies have identified a number of genes that may predispose an individual to developing dyslexia"^.National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

I've taught dyslexic pupils before though I've never undergone special training to teach these special children. I found out that it's quite difficult but not impossible to tackle their reading problems if we are patient and understanding enough.